Presentation on Temkin and Hausman-Waldren, May 5, 2009
1. What's morally objectionable about undeserved inequality: It is "comparatively unfair"
A. Table thumping?
B. A primitive intuition
C. Explains particular moral judgments we are inclined to make
- John hit by the tree 773
- Andrea and Becky and the found money (774)
- "Life isn't fair" (775)
- Unfair that some are born blind while others can see (780)
- Immortality berries: it would then be unfair that the rest of us have to die (781)
2. What's morally objectionable about undeserved inequality: People should get what they deserve.
A. Is this Temkin's view?
B. Is it an egalitarian view?
C. A reconsideration of responsibility within egalitarianism
3. Leveling down
A. What exactly is the objection?
B. The "wide person-affecting principle"
- Intuitively: Something can be a wrong only if it wrongs objects of moral concern
- Temkin: (1) "Only sentient individuals are the proper objects of moral concern" and (2) "for purposes of evaluating outcomes, individual well-being is all that matters"
4. Equality as instrumental with respect to six egalitarian objectives
- Fair distribution of benefits and burdens
- Impartiality of social institutions and practices
- Self-respect
- Equal respect
- Fraternity and solidarity
- Against subjugation: a society of equals
- These are different objectives, which might compete
- Diminishing inequality serves these ends
- Is this view still a version of egalitarianism? In what sense are these "egalitarian ends"?
- How, exactly, does equality serve these ends?
6. Distribution and these egalitarian ends
Goods
Ends to which they are especially relevant
Crucial resources and basic opportunities
Equal respect, self-respect, non-subjugation
Social status
self respect
Socially provided benefits and burdens
fairness, equal respect
Valued private possessions, including wealth
self respect, solidarity, impartiality, non-subjugation
Political influence
impartiality, equal respect, self-respect, non-subjugation
7. Assessment
- Does this view reconcile some of the disagreements? (And is that a good thing?
- Does this view solve or avoid difficulties for other views?